Effects of Different Concentrations of Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) on Adventitious Root Induction in Talinum fruticosum (L.) Juss. Leaf Explants in vitro

Abstract

Talinum fruticosum (Java ginseng) is a medicinal plant rich in pharmacologically valuable secondary metabolites, such as saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and phytosterols. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on adventitious root induction in T. fruticosum . leaf explants in vitro. A completely randomized design was employed with three IBA concentrations (2, 4, and 6 mg/L) and ten replicates. Leaf explants (±1.5 cm in diameter) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with IBA. The observed parameters included root initiation time, number of roots, root length, percentage of root formation, survival rate, and root biomass over four weeks. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test (p ≤ 0.05). The results showed that IBA significantly affected adventitious root induction. The 2 mg/L treatment was the most effective, producing the fastest root initiation (8 days), highest root number (7.40), greatest root length (1.43 cm),  and highest biomass (0.059 g fresh weight and 0.0031 g dry weight). Root formation and survival reached 100% across all treatments, indicating that this concentration was the most effective for enhancing adventitious root induction in T. fruticosum.