The Trend of Sugar Reduction Interest Globally and Alternatives Solution for The Better Health: Systematic Review

Abstract

The global interest in sugar reduction has surged over the past two decades, driven by increasing awareness of its detrimental effects on health. Excessive sugar intake has been linked to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and obesity, which collectively contribute to 73% of global mortality, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Recognizing the urgency of intervention, researchers and policymakers have explored effective strategies to curb sugar consumption while maintaining food quality and consumer acceptance. This study aims to analyzed the long-term trends in sugar reduction interest and explore alternative solutions to enhance health outcomes. Using a systematic review approach, data were collected and synthesized from the Scopus database spanning 20 years, with search terms including “sugar reduction interest,” “health improvement,” “sugar alternatives,” “health promotion,” “sugar consumption behaviour,” and “sugar regulation,” to identify key drivers of sugar reduction efforts and evaluates potential substitutes that support healthier dietary habits. The results indicate a growing global shift towards sugar reduction in food systems, with natural sweeteners such as monk fruit and stevia emerging as viable alternatives. These sweeteners offer lower caloric intake and improved glycaemic responses, addressing both health concerns and consumer demands. Additionally regulatory frameworks, including Indonesia’s Ministry of Health Regulation No. 30 of 2013 and its 2015 amendment, were evaluated to assess their effectiveness in controlling sugar intake through policy interventions, nutritional labelling, taxation, and public awareness campaigns. The study concludes that advancing sugar reduction initiatives requires a multifaceted approach. Stricter nutritional labelling, consumer education, consumer behaviour, product reformulation, sugar alternatives, and collaboration with industry stakeholders are critical components. Strengthening regulatory policies and fostering sustainable food innovations can lead to significant long-term health improvements, mitigate the rising prevalence of sugar-related diseases worldwide, and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals 3.