The Effectiveness of LED Light Spectrum Exposure on Gonad Maturation of Male Synodontis (Synodontis sp.)

Abstract

This study evaluates the influence of the LED light spectrum on gonad maturation in male Synodontis breeders (Synodontis sp.). Aquaculture practices commonly use artificial lighting to regulate reproductive processes in fish; however, the specific effects of different light spectra on gonad development remain understudied, especially in Synodontis species. Male Synodontis were subjected to four distinct LED light spectra: white, blue, green, and red, each continuously for 120 days. This experimental research used a completely randomized design, with four treatments and five individual fish replications per treatment. The gonadosomatic index, sperm quality (volume, density, and motility), testosterone levels, and testicular histology were analyzed. Results indicated that the blue LED light spectrum could accelerate gonad maturation and enhance sperm quality compared to the control (white LED). After 120 days, the blue LED light showed the best gonadosomatic index (GSI) and sperm quality. Histologically, fish treated with the blue LED light spectrum exhibited increased testicular cell development and the highest distribution of spermatozoa compared to those treated with red, green, and white LED light spectra. Thus, this research demonstrates that blue light effectively accelerates gonad maturation in male Synodontis.