Candidacy of Bovine Heat Shock Protein Family (HSPs) for genetic selection marker of Bali Cattle (Bos javanicus)

Abstract

Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) are native to Indonesia and known for their adaptability to tropical environments. The Heat Shock Protein family (HSPs) consists of various types of HSPs and plays an important role in the heat tolerance and adaptability of cattle. This study aimed to identify candidate HSPs for use as genetic selection markers in Bali cattle. Eight HSPs (HSPB8, HSPB7, HSPE1, HSPD1, HSPA1A, HSPA6, HSP90AA1, and HSP90AB1) were analyzed. Information about these genes in Bos taurus, Bos indicus, Bos taurus x Bos indicus, and Bos javanicus was retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The nucleotide sequences were then collected and compared for similarity using BLAST NCBI. The results showed that all HSPs were available for Bos taurus. However, HSPA1A was not available for Bos javanicus, and HSPE1 was not available for Bos javanicus, Bos indicus, or Bos taurus x Bos indicus. Most HSPs exhibited high similarity between Bos taurus and Bos indicus (99.21%–100%). However, the similarity between Bos javanicus and other breeds was more diverse (35.90%–99.42%). Among the HSPs in Bos javanicus, HSP90AB1 had the highest similarity compared to other breeds: 99.05% with Bos taurus, 99.05% with Bos indicus, and 99.42% with Bos taurus x Bos indicus. It was concluded that HSP90AB1 can be used as a potential genetic marker for Bali cattle and can easily be compared with other breeds. Further experimental studies are required to validate the association between HSP90AB1 and desirable traits.