Desain Pengembangan Komoditas Unggulan Spesifik pada Kawasan Transmigrasi Tambora Kabupaten Bima, Nusa Tenggara Barat

Abstract

Tambora Transmigration Area, designated as National Priority Transmigration Zone (KTPN), faces multiple challenges, including rainfed agriculture, limited irrigation infrastructure, restricted market access, low value addition, complex environmental issues, and inadequate networks (SP3,4,5) and agribusiness institutions. This study aims to identify leading commodities, analyze their supply chains, and formulate development strategies. The methods used include interviews, field observations, spatial mapping, soil fertility tests, Focus Group Discussions, and mixed method analysis such as LQ, AHP, SWOT, IFE-EFE, QSPM, SCOR, and cash flow. The results of the study show that The findings indicate that maize and cashew are the leading commodities based on socioeconomic and spatial AHP results. Maize shows strong production continuity (0.318), market profitability (0.218), and favorable land capacity and suitability, supported by an average LQ of 1.25 indicating comparative advantage. Similarly, cashew is identified as the leading plantation commodity due to continuity, profitability, and biophysical suitability; however, average LQ of 0.96 suggests that production remains insufficient to meet local demand. Value-chain analysis reveals key bottlenecks, including low climate resilience, inadequate post- harvest infrastructure (maize), weak bargaining position, and limited downstream processing (cashew). The integrated SWOT–QSPM prioritizes strategies such as primary–secondary–tertiary irrigation development (19.59) and agroforestry expansion (17.68) for maize, as well as production optimization (21.66) and accelerated downstream processing (20.89) for cashew. Based on these findings, the recommended strategies emphasize strengthening agroforestry and downstream processing, supported by short-term interventions including land legalization, irrigation and pond construction, institutional strengthening, improvement of farm access roads, and human resource development.