Desain Model Kolaborasi Kelembagaan Ekonomi Kawasan Transmigrasi Ponu

Abstract

The Ponu transmigration area has strong potential in the food agriculture sector, particularly rice and corn, which play a crucial role as local food sources and support food security. However, the development of this sector faces challenges in village economic institutions such as Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes), cooperatives, and MSMEs that lack adequate managerial capacity, limited access to financing, and low adaptability to change. Furthermore, synergy between government institutions at the village, sub-district, and district levels has not been optimal, thus hampering the sustainability of the transmigration area development program. This study aims to analyze existing institutional conditions, identify patterns of relationships between business actors, and develop a collaborative institutional model to strengthen the value chain of Ponu's leading commodities. The approaches used include institutional typology analysis, Social Network Analysis (SNA), and SWOT analysis. The results show that based on institutional typology, there are 20 institutions in category A as key actors with relatively good governance, while 27 institutions fall into category D with low levels of activity. The institutional network analysis identifies the Biboki Anleu PPL and the Department of Agriculture as the primary references for delivering technical information and distributing aid, resulting in high dependency on these two institutions. Other findings indicate that various village economic institutions have been established but are not yet functioning optimally, characterized by low marketing literacy, weak business governance, and dependence on water resources. To achieve sustainable regional economic development, institutional capacity building, enhanced multi-stakeholder coordination, and collaborative models that can strengthen the value chains of leading commodities are needed.