Kajian Desain Pengembangan Komoditas Tanaman Pangan Unggulan Spesifik Kawasan Transmigrasi Ponu, Timor Tengah Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the potential, challenges, and development direction of priority food crop commodities in the Ponu Transmigration Area, North Central Timor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. The assessment employed a mixed-method approach, including structured interviews, soil ecology observations, Focus Group Discussions using the Appreciative Inquiry framework, and participatory homestead mapping. These methods were used to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the biophysical conditions, agroecology, socio-economic structure, and market dynamics within the study area. The results indicate that rice and maize serve as the main commodities supporting household food security and income; however, their productivity remains low due to limited water availability, declining soil quality, inadequate agricultural facilities, and weak local economic institutions. The area’s dry agroclimatic conditions, characterized by a short rainy season, make cultivation highly dependent on rainfall and generally allow only one rice planting season per year. Nevertheless, market opportunities for rice remain promising, as shown by high local demand and a supply deficit at the district level. Economic feasibility analysis further suggests that improved access to water through reservoirs, bore wells, or simple irrigation systems can increase cropping frequency and positively affect farmers’ welfare. Strategic recommendations include strengthening integrated water management systems, enhancing mechanization, improving agricultural infrastructure, and revitalizing village-level institutions. In addition, the establishment of a Collaborative Innovation Center (CIC) is proposed as a multi-stakeholder platform for applied research, farmer training, and technological innovation related to key commodities. The CIC is expected to function as a hub for knowledge integration and capacity development, thereby supporting sustainable economic transformation in the region.