Effectiveness of the Combination of Hemolymph and Chitosan Extract from Cockroach (Periplaneta americana) and Bandotan Leaf (Ageratum conyzoides L.) Extract on the Healing of Open Wounds in Mouse (Mus musculus)

Abstract

Background: Open wounds are highly susceptible to secondary infections and rebleeding, necessitating the use of antibacterial and hemostatic agents to promote effective healing. The hemolymph and chitosan of cockroach (Periplaneta americana) have been reported to possess antibacterial properties, while bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) is a wild plant known for its hemostatic activity.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the wound-healing efficacy of gel containing combinations of cockroach hemolymph and chitosan extract and A. conyzoides leaves extract for treating open wounds of mouse (Mus musculus).

Methods: Hemolymph was collected from cockroaches, while chitosan from cockroach and bandotan leaves were extracted. Three gel combinations were prepared: F1 (1.32 µL/g hemolymph, 10 mg/g chitosan, 10 mg/g bandotan extract), F2 (1.32 µL/g hemolymph, 6.68 mg/g chitosan, 13.32 mg/g bandotan extract), and F3 (1.32 µL/g hemolymph, 7.72 mg/g chitosan, 3.86 mg/g bandotan extract). In vivo study was performed by testing the gel combinations on open wounds of mice.

Results: In vivo wound healing tests on Mus musculus revealed that F1 accelerated wound closure and tissue regeneration compared to the other combinations.

Conclusion: Hemolymph-chitosan derived from cockroach and extracts from bandotan leaves may be a potential topical treatment for open wounds.